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On November 4, the whole of Russia celebrates National Unity Day. Despite the fact that this date was declared a holiday and a day off back in 2005, not everyone understands its significance for history and citizens. It is very important to know the essence of the holiday, because it connects the various epochs of the Russian state with each other – from the Time of Troubles, when the fate of the country hung in the balance, to the present day In 1613, Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov established the Day of Purification of Moscow from Polish invaders. In 1649, his son, Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, declared this date a church and state holiday. By his order, the Day of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God began to be celebrated not only in summer, but also on October 22 (Julian calendar). The celebration in memory of the deliverance of Moscow and Russia from the Poles in 1612 has been preserved to this day. November 4 appeared with the transition to the Gregorian calendar.